Jesus in Islam

Jesus: “…Now this is eternal life: that they know you, the only true God , and Jesus Christ, whom you have sent.”

Jesus: “The Lord our God, the Lord is one.”

“Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one.”

“I am God, and there is no other ; I am God, and there is none like me.”

“Turn to me and be saved… for I am God, and there is no other.”

“Have we not all one Father? Has not one God created us?”

The scribe to Jesus: “You are right… God is one and there is no other but Him.”

So then, about eating food sacrificed to idols: We know that “An idol is nothing at all in the world” and that “There is no God but one.”

yet for us there is but one God, the Father, from whom all things came and for whom we live; and there is but one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came and through whom we live.

For there is one God and one mediator between God and mankind, the man Christ Jesus.

You believe that there is one God. Good! Even the demons believe that—and shudder.

For there is one God and one mediator between God and mankind, the man, Christ Jesus.

Jesus: But now you are trying to kill me, a man who has told you the truth that I heard from God.

‘You that are Israelites,listen to what I have to say: Jesus of Nazareth, a man attested to you by God with deeds of power, wonders, and signs that God did through him among you, as you yourselves know— 23 this man, handed over to you according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God.

Because he has fixed a day on which he will have the world judged in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed, and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.

But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if the many died through the one man’s trespass, much more surely have the grace of God and the free gift in the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ, abounded for the many.

Jesus said, “I am thirsty.”

Jesus: “Yet today, tomorrow, and the next day I must be on my way, because it is impossible for a prophet to be killed away from Jerusalem.”

Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his own town, among his relatives and in his own home.”

The crowds were saying, ‘This is the prophet, Jesus, from Nazareth in Galilee.’

Jesus: But now you are trying to kill me, a man who has told you the truth that I heard from God .

And he (Jesus) said, ‘Truly I tell you, no prophet is accepted in the prophet’s home town”

For Jesus himself had testified that a prophet has no honour in the prophet’s own country.

But Jesus said to them, “Prophets are not without honour except in their own country and in their own house.”

Moses said, “The Lord your God will raise up for you from your own people a prophet like me. You must listen to whatever he tells you. And it will be that everyone who does not listen to that prophet will be utterly rooted out from the people.”

This is the Moses who said to the Israelites, “God will raise up a prophet for you from your own people as he raised me up.”

When the people saw the sign that he had done, they began to say, ‘This is indeed the prophet who is to come into the world.’

When they heard these words, some in the crowd said, ‘This is really the prophet.’

So they said again to the blind man, ‘What do you say about him? It was your eyes he opened.’ He said, ‘He is a prophet.’

Matthew 5:9 (NKJV)
“‘Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God.”

Footnote: The Greek word υἱοί (huioi, “sons”) in Matthew 5:9 is the plural of υἱός (huios, “son”), the same Greek word used for Jesus as “Son.”

Luke 20:36 (NKJV)
“Nor can they die anymore, for they are equal to the angels and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection.”

Jeremiah 31:9
“.. I will let them walk by brooks of water, in a straight path in which they shall not stumble; for I have become a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my firstborn.”

Exodus 4:22
“Then you shall say to Pharaoh, ‘Thus says the Lord: Israel is my firstborn son.”

Hosea 11:1
“When Israel was a child, I loved him, and out of Egypt I called my son.”

Psalm 2:7
“I will tell of the decree of the Lord: He said to me, ‘You are my son; today I have begotten you.”

1 John 5:2
“By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and obey his commandments.”

Galatians 3:26 (NKJV)
“For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus.”

John 1:12
“But to all who received him, who believed in his name, he gave power to become children of God,”

Romans 8:14
“For all who are led by the Spirit of God are children of God.”

Romans 8:16
“it is that very Spirit bearing witness with our spirit that we are children of God,”

Romans 8:19
“For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the children of God;”

Romans 8:21
“that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to decay and will obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God.”

Philippians 2:15
“so that you may be blameless and innocent, children of God without blemish in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, in which you shine like stars in the world.”

1 John 3:1
“See what love the Father has given us, that we should be called children of God; and that is what we are. The reason the world does not know us is that it did not know him.”

1 John 3:2
“Beloved, we are God's children now; what we will be has not yet been revealed. What we do know is this: when he is revealed, we will be like him, for we will see him as he is.”

1 John 3:10
“The children of God and the children of the devil are revealed in this way: all who do not do what is right are not from God, nor are those who do not love their brothers and sisters.”

2 Samuel 7:14
“I will be a father to him, and he shall be a son to me. When he commits iniquity, I will punish him with a rod such as mortals use, with blows inflicted by human beings.”

1 Chronicles 17:13
“I will be a father to him, and he shall be a son to me. I will not take my steadfast love from him, as I took it from him who was before you,”

1 Chronicles 22:10
“He shall build a house for my name. He shall be a son to me, and I will be a father to him, and I will establish his royal throne in Israel for ever.”

1 Chronicles 28:6
“He said to me, ‘It is your son Solomon who shall build my house and my courts, for I have chosen him to be a son to me, and I will be a father to him.”

Matthew 5:44–45
“..and pray for those who spitefully use you and persecute you, that you may be sons of your Father in heaven;” 

Genesis 6:2
“The sons of God saw that they were fair, and they took wives for themselves of all that they chose.”

Genesis 6:4
“The Nephilim were on the earth in those days—and also afterwards—when the sons of God went in to the daughters of humans, who bore children to them. These were the heroes that were of old, warriors of renown.”

Job 1:6
“One day the heavenly beings came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan also came among them.”
Footnote: Hebrew: “sons of God”

Job 2:1
“One day the heavenly beings came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan also came among them to present himself before the Lord.”
Footnote: Hebrew: “sons of God”

Job 38:7
“when the morning stars sang together and all the heavenly beings shouted for joy?”
Footnote: Hebrew: “sons of God”

Jesus said, “Do not hold on to me, for I have not yet ascended to the Father. Go instead to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’”

The one who is victorious I will make a pillar in the temple of my God. Never again will they leave it. I will write on them the name of my God and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which is coming down out of heaven from my God.

Going a little farther, he fell with his face to the ground and prayed, “My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will.”

I can of Myself do nothing. As I hear, I judge; and My judgment is righteous, becauseI do not seek My own will but the will of the Father who sent Me.

You heard me say, ‘I am going away and I am coming back to you.’ If you loved me, you would be glad that I am going to the Father,for the Father is greater than I. Use of greater

But about that day or hour no one knows, neither the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

Now during those days he went out to the mountain to pray; and he spent the night in prayer to God.

And about three o’clock Jesus cried with a loud voice, ‘Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?’ that is, ‘My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?’

Jesus: But now you are trying to kill me, a man who has told you the truth that I heard from God.

Then Jesus answered them, ‘My teaching is not mine but his who sent me.

Jesus: for I have not spoken on my own, but the Father who sent me has himself given me a commandment about what to say and what to speak.

Jesus: for I have come down from heaven, not to do my own will, but the will of him who sent me.

Jesus offered up prayers and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to the one who was able to save him from death, and he was heard because of his reverent submission.

If Jesus calls the Father ‘my God,’ prays to Him, submits his will to Him, and says the Father is greater than him, how can Jesus himself be fully the same one God he worships?

It is only the person who sins that shall die.

All shall die for their own sins; the teeth of everyone who eats sour grapes shall be set on edge.

The person who sins shall die. A child shall not suffer for the iniquity of a parent, nor a parent suffer for the iniquity of a child; the righteousness of the righteous shall be his own, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be his own.

Parents shall not be put to death for their children, nor shall children be put to death for their parents; only for their own crimes may persons be put to death.

Do not be deceived; God is not mocked, for you reap whatever you sow.

“The parents shall not be put to death for the children, or the children be put to death for the parents; but all shall be put to death for their own sins.”

“The parents shall not be put to death for the children, or the children be put to death for the parents; but all shall be put to death for their own sins.”

For he will repay according to each one’s deeds.

For all must carry their own loads.

But his father will die for his own sin, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother and did what was wrong among his people.

And the sea gave up the dead that were in it, Death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and all were judged according to what they had done.

The Bible verses cited above closely match the Islamic concept of individual accountability: each person is responsible for their own actions, just as the Quran states that “no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another” (Quran 35:18). From a critical Islamic perspective, the Christian concept of atonement and judgment is seen as highly illogical because it violates the core principle of divine absolute justice and individual accountability. In Islamic theology, God is completely merciful and can simply forgive sins directly through a believer’s sincere repentance (Tawbah); the idea that a holy deity must demand a blood sacrifice or “pay a price” to grant forgiveness is viewed as a limitation on God’s absolute sovereignty and mercy. Furthermore, Islam strictly rejects the concept of Original Sin and vicarious atonement, holding that every soul carries only its own moral burden (Quran 35:18) and cannot inherit guilt from Adam or pass its punishment onto an innocent third party like Jesus. To Muslims, it is fundamentally contradictory to claim that Jesus paid the full price for all human sins, yet humans are still judged by their actions, as a just system does not allow a debt to be paid twice or punish creation for sins that a savior allegedly already erased.

2 Kings 8:26
“Ahaziah was 22 years old when he began to reign;”

2 Chronicles 22:2
”Ahaziah was 42 years old when he began to reign;”

Note: His father, Jehoram, died at age 40 (2 Chronicles 21:20). If Ahaziah was 42 when he took the throne, he would have been two years older than his own father.

2 Chronicles 9:25
“Solomon had 4,000 stalls for horses and chariots, and 12,000 horsemen;

”1 Kings 4:26
“Solomon also had 40,000 stalls of horses for his chariots, and 12,000 horsemen.”

Matthew 1:16
“and Jacob the father of Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom Jesus was born, who is called the Messiah.”

Luke 3:23
“Jesus was about thirty years old when he began his work. He was the son (as was thought) of Joseph son of Heli ,”

2 Samuel 24:9
Joab reported to the king the number of those who had been recorded: in Israel there were 800,000 soldiers able to draw the sword, and those of Judah were five hundred thousand.

1 Chronicles 21:5
Joab gave the total count of the people to David. In all Israel there were 1,100,000 men who drew the sword, and in Judah four hundred and seventy thousand who drew the sword.

1 Samuel 31:4-5
Saul took his own sword and fell upon it.

2 Samuel 1:8-10
So I (an Amalekite) stood over him (King Saul), and killed him.

2 Samuel 21:12
Beth-shan, where the Philistines had hung them up, on the day the Philistines killed Saul on Gilboa.

2 Samuel 24:1
“Again the anger of the God was kindled against Israel, and he incited David against them, saying, ‘Go, count the people of Israel and Judah.”

1 Chronicles 21:1
“Satan stood up against Israel, and incited David to count the people of Israel.”

Matthew 27:5
“Throwing down the pieces of silver in the temple, he departed; and he went and hanged himself .”

Acts 1:18
“(Now this man acquired a field with the reward of his wickedness; and falling headlong, he burst open in the middle and all his bowels gushed out .”

Matthew 27:6–7
“But the chief priests, taking the pieces of silver, said, ‘It is not lawful to put them into the treasury, since they are blood money.’ After conferring together, they used them to buy the potter’s field as a place to bury foreigners.”

Acts 1:18
“(Now this man acquired a field with the reward of his wickedness ; and falling headlong, he burst open in the middle and all his bowels gushed out.”

Matthew 1:6–7, 15–16
“And David was the father of Solomon by the wife of Uriah, and Solomon the father of Rehoboam...”
“...and Matthan the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Joseph the husband of Mary...”

Luke 3:23, 31
“He was the son (as was thought) of Joseph son of Heli ...”
“...son of Mattatha, son of Nathan, son of David ,”

1 Samuel 17:50
“So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and a stone, striking down the Philistine and killing him; there was no sword in David’s hand.”

2 Samuel 21:19
“Then there was another battle with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan son of Jaare-oregim, the Bethlehemite, killed Goliath the Gittite , the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.”

Genesis 46:27
“The children of Joseph, who were born to him in Egypt, were two; all the persons of the house of Jacob who came into Egypt were 70.”

Exodus 1:5
“The total number of people born to Jacob was 70. Joseph was already in Egypt.”

Acts 7:14
“Then Joseph sent and invited his father Jacob and all his relatives to come to him, 75 in all ;”

Mark 11:15-19
Then they came to Jerusalem. And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who were selling and those who were buying in the temple, and he overturned the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those who sold doves.

John 2:13-17
In the temple he found people selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and the money-changers seated at their tables. 15 Making a whip of cords, he drove all of them out of the temple, both the sheep and the cattle.

Note:
Matthew, Mark, and Luke: Jesus cleanses the temple at the very end of his ministry, during the final week of his life (the trigger event for his arrest).
John 2:13-17: Jesus cleanses the temple at the very beginning of his ministry, right after his first miracle at Cana.

“Jesus said to them, ‘Very truly, I tell you, before Abraham was, I am.”

Footnote: Christians often argue that the words “I am” mean Jesus was claiming to be God. However, the Greek expression used here is “ego eimi” (pronounced roughly EH-go eye-MEE), which simply means “I am” or “I am he.” The expression itself is not a name exclusively used for God. For example, in John 9:9, the man whom Jesus healed from blindness identifies himself by saying “ego eimi” — “I am [he].” Clearly, the blind man was not claiming to be God. The same expression also appears in other ordinary contexts. In John 4:26, Jesus says “ego eimi” in response to the woman speaking about the Messiah, where the meaning is essentially “I am he.” In John 18:5–6, Jesus again uses “ego eimi” when identifying himself as Jesus of Nazareth. Therefore, the words “ego eimi” by themselves do not mean “I am God.” John 8:58 never actually says, “Before Abraham was, I am God.”

From a Muslim perspective, the statement may instead be understood as referring to Jesus having been known, chosen, or present in God's plan before Abraham, rather than Jesus literally claiming to be God.

The Bible itself uses similar language of God’s prior knowledge and appointment. In Jeremiah 1:5, God tells the prophet Jeremiah: “Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, and before you were born I consecrated you; I appointed you a prophet to the nations.” This does not require Jeremiah to have literally existed before his birth. Rather, Jeremiah was already known and appointed by God before he was born.

“I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says the Lord God, “who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty.”

Footnote: Christians cite ‘I am the Alpha and the Omega’ as proof that Jesus is God. But Revelation 1:8 explicitly identifies the speaker as ‘the Lord God, the Almighty.’ The verse itself does not say that Jesus is speaking. In fact, the opening of Revelation distinguishes God from Jesus. Revelation 1:1 describes it as “The revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave him.” God gives the revelation, and Jesus receives it. And even if, for the sake of argument, someone applies the title to Jesus elsewhere, the phrase still doesn’t prove deity. ‘Alpha and Omega’ are simply the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, like saying ‘A to Z’—a symbol of completeness. It’s also not the literal Greek phrase for ‘the beginning and the end,’ which is hē archē kai to telos—using ordinary words found throughout the New Testament. Revelation links those phrases to explain the symbol, not to define a divine name. So whether applied to God or understood by some as applied to Jesus, the title itself doesn’t establish that Jesus is God.”

How many gods died on the cross?

How many gods did not die on the cross?

Jesus prayed to the Father, but did the Father ever pray to the Son?

If Jesus and the Father are same, why did Jesus say, ‘The Father is greater than I’?

The earliest Gospel, written about 35–45 years after Jesus. The book never identifies its writer as Mark or claims that he personally witnessed Jesus’ ministry. The name “Mark” comes from early Christian tradition.

Written roughly 50 years after Jesus. The author is Unknown, never identifies himself as Matthew, and does not claim to have personally witnessed Jesus’ ministry. The name “Matthew” comes from early Christian tradition.

Written roughly 50–60 years after Jesus. The author never identifies himself as Luke and says his information was handed down by eyewitnesses, showing reliance on earlier sources (Luke 1:1–4). The name “Luke” comes from early Christian tradition.

Written roughly 60–70 years after Jesus. The author never explicitly identifies himself as John the Apostle, and the precise identity of the author remains debated.

The author is completely unknown; Hebrews never identifies its writer. Modern scholars generally reject the old tradition that Paul wrote it.

Acts is anonymous. It was written decades after Jesus and does not claim to have been written by one of Jesus’ original disciples.

The New Testament contains thirteen letters traditionally attributed to Paul; however, modern scholarly consensus indicates that the authorship of many of these texts is heavily disputed, with several likely written by later followers rather than Paul himself. Furthermore, because Paul was not an eyewitness follower of Jesus during his actual ministry, these writings ultimately represent Paul’s own distinct theological teachings and interpretations rather than the direct teachings of Jesus. 2 Thessalonians (c. 51–52 AD or late 1st century AD)Colossians (c. 50s AD or c. 70–80 AD)Ephesians (c. 80–90 AD)1 Timothy (late 1st century to early 2nd century AD)2 Timothy (late 1st century to early 2nd century AD)Titus (late 1st century to early 2nd century AD) Galatians (c. 48 AD)1 Thessalonians (c. 49–51 AD)1 Corinthians (c. 53–54 AD)2 Corinthians (c. 55–56 AD)Romans (c. 55–57 AD)Philippians (c. 57–59 or c. 62 AD)Philemon (c. 57–59 or c. 62 AD)

The author identifies himself only as “James,” without saying he is Jesus’ brother. Exactly who wrote the letter and when remains debated.

Claims association with Peter, but authorship is debated, partly because of its sophisticated Greek and other historical considerations. Some scholars nevertheless defend Petrine authorship.

One of the New Testament’s most disputed books. Many scholars date it after Peter’s death and therefore conclude that Peter himself did not write it.

The letter is anonymous and never says John wrote it. Its association with John comes from Christian tradition and its relationship with the Gospel of John.

The writer identifies himself only as “the elder,” not John the apostle. His actual identity therefore remains uncertain.

Like 2 John, its author calls himself only “the elder.” The text never identifies him as John son of Zebedee.

The author identifies himself as Jude, brother of James, but exactly which Jude wrote it remains debated. Its precise date is also uncertain.

The author calls himself John, but never says he is John the apostle. The identity of this John has therefore been debated for centuries.

Jesus primarily spoke Aramaic, while the New Testament was written in Koine Greek. The original manuscripts of all New Testament books are lost, and the authors of most books are unknown, while others are disputed. The Gospels were written decades after Jesus, while the 27-book New Testament canon became established in the 4th century, more than 300 years after Jesus. Therefore, what we possess is not a verbatim written record produced by Jesus in his own language. On the other hand, from the Islamic perspective, the Qur’an is the revealed Word of God in the same Arabic language in which it was delivered by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. The Qur’an was both written down and memorized during the Prophet’s lifetime. He instructed his companions to record the verses as they were revealed, while many companions also memorized the revelation by heart. This tradition of Hifz has continued generation after generation, and today the entire Qur’an is memorized by millions of Muslims worldwide. There is also remarkable early manuscript evidence. The famous Birmingham Qur’an manuscript—sometimes mistakenly associated with the British Museum—is held by the University of Birmingham. Radiocarbon testing dated its parchment to 568–645 CE, placing it extremely close to the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Its surviving Qur’anic text substantially corresponds to the Qur’anic text known today. Carbon dating dates the parchment rather than the ink, so it provides strong physical evidence for an extremely early Qur’anic manuscript. There is also an interesting linguistic contrast. Jesus primarily spoke Aramaic, a language that is becoming extinct, while Arabic remains a flourishing global language spoken by hundreds of millions, with Qur’anic Arabic continuously recited, memorized, and studied worldwide. From an Islamic perspective, this raises an important question: if God intended His final message to be preserved for all humanity, would we expect its original language to disappear, or would we expect that language and the revelation within it to remain accessible? The Qur’an’s preservation through its original Arabic text, early manuscripts, mass memorization, and uninterrupted recitation from the earliest Muslim community until today is therefore particularly significant.